Introduction
This guide aims to help private owners to assess the conflicting views, often accompanied by one of a variety of questions, and experts in the industry the best way to solve the problem of leakage of water from the basement.
Part 1: - diversification of the structure and use of the basement.
Very simple, from the standpoint of water, and the basement is divided into three categories: -
A building structure is water
Second, one of the structure of water
Three cavity drainage
And divided normally used in four grades: -
1. Low-grade (garage and other places not some water on the ground does not have a big problem)
2. Storage level (environment, must be dry to the extent reasonable, but not to the standard of living, so ventilation is not very important, you may still be slightly wet, and not be tolerated)
3. Accommodation level (must be the walls and floors dry and humidity control in an appropriate range of life)
4. Special needs (such as temperature, humidity, full control is essential to save the file, and computing device sensitive wine, and precious works of art, etc.).
The fourth category is usually not used in normal residential purposes, and I will be here, and being ignored.
Thus, simply, will your basement implementation of the A, B and C, and you want to use it for 1,2 or 3
What could be more simple ABC, 123! ?
There is a need to develop in the ABC I would like to ...
, Not the building-block structure of water, including the work of the stone. Ore often than not, floors and walls independent of the structure of the elements that are not reinforced connected with each other so that they can make the difference. This is a critical issue, select a water system may require a solid structure of the system to work effectively for them.
And residential real estate fell the most in the type of old-fashioned for the class.
(B) of the type (Said) the whole structure of water. And are usually associated with this are constructed of concrete walls and floor areas for the design of steel and the whole structure is strong and water tight fit without the need for additional water leak. But unfortunately, architects, graphics, or the theory of translation account is not always perfect and the presence of some minor defects in the water column (plastic seal structure of the joint sector) of the Revolution Command Council decision bit bad at the bottom of the bottom, it probably is a mixture bit too much water can be cause shrinkage cracks caused by the leakage of where it should not be!
The fall of the modern in many of the class structure of the basement of the type B - failed to focus only 'clearly does not need to water as a successful B!
Built civic structures of type C, which involves many of the deep cellars in the form of room rates. Next time you're in the parking basement of a large shopping mall, maybe two or storyes down, and now see a nice clean dry wall concrete block, you might ask why is dry, so even now under the earth - well maybe not - but if I was one basement full story of the local and then maybe you will think about how to achieve this goal.
Very simple, the work of block wall, you see while retaining wall separates the cavity and outside. Retained earth walls are often very wet, or run until the water, but the walls remain dry with a 'cavity of exchange between them. To be drained water from the cavity where it is usually in the bathroom, from there.
Although it is very rare for the construction of residential real estate or concrete hollow brick walls are often drained create room for the 'mini' discharge from the application of the membrane wall, which creates a gap between the wall and the membrane itself. Therefore, there is often a type of building structures, can be converted to a structure of type C, and this film by the application.
However, this allows us to water .....
Part 2 of the water.
At the end of the last section describes how closely linked to the 'structure' and I 'water' into a sewage pit. If he has a cavity structure of the exchange hole drainage is part of the structure, but also an integral part of water. The same is true of the structure of the type of structure setback no less important than water, because the first was held in last place. It is very important to understand, do not understand how the structure of water and work together, and depend on each other is a common cause of failure of the insulation system.
Structure of water
There are basically two different ways: -
1. Use 'system as a tank, it would be kind of bonded paint the walls and floors to create a' tank of the tank where the water is on the outer surface.
2. Transform the structure of the structure 'of exchange cavity' C type of the installation cavity drainage membrane, as well as the drainage basin and the pump.
Once in a common approach in these sectors, but not major, and you want to 'hold water again' or 'row away.
Let's take a look at each method in more detail.
1. Tanks
Anything from the asphalt coating, and can be asphalt (a mixture of sand and tar) sand / cement and materials to provide added screed and the leakage of water into the layers of specially developed and used mud.
The biggest drawback is that this way you and the water pressure (which may in any case, not all basements are subject to water pressure all the time, but we must assume that any water pressure in the basement may be subject to a period of time in the future).
This approach is entirely dependent on the quality of infrastructure, because it requires payment.
I do not understand this has led to the failure of many of the unnecessary expenditure and grief and tears.
The structure is most susceptible to differential movement - which is transmitted between the walls and the earth, each other to form a crack in the floor wall joint is small, or on the walls and floors and can be slightly bent inward, but enough to break the system tank.
Differential movement in different ways, but equally important is the 'overall strength of the substrate, particularly in tensile strength.
I do not want the technical and also here, so let me explain what I mean short.
Imagine a waterproof coating stick to the inner face of the wall. Outside the walls of water tends to 'push' in the back of the coat, as if you try to close it. I said 'if', because the water is of course not 'want' to do anything special it does not mind, and it is just to respond to obey the law of gravity and physics.
Therefore, if you have an image, even now, imagine the application of waterproof paint is perfect for the strength of the bricks and paint. Brick is going to experience 'extending from the power and pay off the face of a wall of bricks.
And yes, it does not require much imagination to imagine what will happen after that, in the face of the brick and tile to go and a waterproof coating is not very good resistance to spread to where they (technical, they have low tensile strength).
This failure does not occur in the swimming pool though. Where the water pressure on the other hand, tends to push the waterproof coating on the wall behind the pressure building. Pressure now building a good system will not fail.
Another serious problem is the establishment of salt in the reservoir behind the system.
Many people will be very familiar with this phenomenon every day.
When water evaporates it leaves the effects of small, and replaced it. We see this element of the kettle. The same thing happens when water evaporates in the wall of a cellar or basement. Can often be seen as salt crystals on the surface of the wall (often mistaken for fungus), and sometimes, the formation of these crystals to enhance the shedding of blisters behind the paint, and when she appeared suddenly, and revealed the salt crystals behind.
Many systems of tanks, sales, and show 'breathe'. The purpose is to prevent liquid water through the future, but to allow 'breathing' wall, which allows evaporation to take place and moisture to escape.
..... Even if the water will evaporate, and will leave behind a layer of salt crystals grow, the key question is, in the slave system, where, what are the crystal space? "
The simple answer is no, as long as the salt crystals grow their own space to enhance the delivery or other paint on the wall, we have failed tank.
Now, this is the point where it can be accused of bias on the system tank, but I'm not! I have a bias against system failure, that's for sure, the system applied to the pillars of Inappropriate.
It must be said. "Application of tank system in the bonded structure to build on the old-fashioned is the failure of demand."
The vast majority of water leakage in the basement is a brick structure on the old-fashioned.
Q: Why is there a lot of work for the tanks of the time?
A: Because there is no water pressure, and a lot of time. When the water pressure there, that is, the explosion of water pipe and heavy rain is normal, and surface water drainage works to change due to reservoir construction 'failed'.
I've lost count of the number of times people told me that the tanks have worked for many years, and then in a few days a failure has occurred, and the water pressure. - "Days of the blast tube on the ground" "This is the day we left the hose on" or
Overall, therefore, should not be tank system bonded to be used in the foreseeable future, nor can there be any water pressure or in a timely manner is a structure solid and the substrate with the tensile strength is high in the right place within the insulation system of water through the structure, no need to separate Delamination or cracking. These cases are relatively rare, accounting can be used in the tank should not be used.
2. Transferred to the structure of exchange cavity C.
It is recognized explicitly in this British Standard BS8102 "underground resistance to water retaining structures", which is how most reliable and trouble-free to the basement of water.
Many professional contractors (who was once a 'tank experts, and this approach has not changed in recent years, it seems that the street in one direction. I have never heard of specialist contractors has turned a room dump' K 'tanks.
In its simplest form, which included the identification of plastic film (usually but not always) boils in the walls and floors. Boils idea is to create a 'space' of water - usually 8 mm and 20 mm wall on the ground.
These films are not 'binding' on the wall, but at a fixed price of plastic and the spacing between the membrane of the areas is restricted.
Now, in fact, if there was water down the wall, in many cases is not measured by the film, instead of 8mm thick, and the wall down if they do not collect surface water and the pump will always be the face of it, and wall covering may not be and will continue for a long time , so it is necessary to boil 8mm is a myth the basement of the water!
One drawback is that the large water vapor with plastic film to prevent them through these movements, but does not retain heat, so you can create water vapor on the surface of cold - and a recipe for condensation. I see water on the floor which caused it.
The use of film insulation, heating, and the preservation of the hot gas layer is to respond to some of the background may be praised dehumidifier.
Ventilation, in spite of the necessary pure oxygen and the elimination of stagnant air, not a shortcut answer, because it can not achieve more humid air from the outside. If you heat your basement dehumidifiers in the air - it does not take in the air, you want to keep it away!
System of the tunnel drainage system depends entirely on the tank and pump, and the final evacuation of water from the basement. This should not be an area of scant, and nothing will work without it. We recommend always using the swamp and custom pumping system, and will include liner formed before, and pumping stations and the police. Hole in many cases to allow the lining of the pond water directly from the ground floor. This land 'drought' stopped often on the walls and the floor under the floor is the importance of leakage, thus reducing the roll of wall and floor coating. In fact, in many cases, the film exchange cavity 'becomes no more than one layer FAO, rather than a channel for water leakage. Less even need to click, and then more and more important than the quality of the insulation film (film to be a trap to prevent condensation.)
And will combine with basic pump. Battery backup pump is available, should be seriously considered the standard of living, and the consequences of failure can be enormous, furniture, carpet, gypsum board, wood is threatened.
Pump is used to run the 12volt DC battery current directly from the battery, but running to communicate with others (like you from the power supply current), which is converted from DC (battery current) by DC - AC adapter. This trend is not greater conversion efficiency and battery must be given the same pumping capacity, and if you are using the adapter.
Some Battery Co., Ltd. and the main pump of the pump, they are often less powerful and in general, rely on limited battery n charge. Took then for the third time is the pump battery, more than the case of power outages - and therefore, we can consider it wise to pump and second backup power supply (primary reason to prevent the failure of another power.
In both cases, you should seriously consider in the selection of good quality tanks and pumping system, it is appropriate for this project. A large number of tanks and pump the basement, you may need.
Although the water will run down the wall of easy - Business dangerous road - it is not easy to run the water level in the ground. The idea that there is a 'boil membrane floor, and water in some way, and find the turn of the very old pool. Modern approach to the word foreign guidance system, and water directly on the ground directly under the sink.
Once in place of the movie house gypsum board to support the general use of the walls of wood or metal nail and flooring to complete the Council or screed placed on the membrane of the word.
Stylish and heat treatment, known as the tiles on the ground floor with the dry mixture of the layer of water to complete the series in the form of plastic tiles do not need to cover.
'Other ways'
What all intents and purposes, we have covered, which involves about 95% of the basement of the list.
However, there are the 'other' things, deserves to be mentioned because they are a relatively small number of short-term needs, but when they are very important to them: -
1. Any change on the ground is to direct channel 'from the ground, such as to avoid the hollow panel, paste on the ground. This is a layer of very useful structural, and not to accept the channel floor.
2. Resin fillings. This involves drilling into the structure of the interaction with bottled water, water ingressing to use a chemical reaction, the resin and mixed water in the depths of 'leak paths' insulating material to prevent further leakage. This method is only the structure of the sound and the definitions of gossip or joints, such as cracking of concrete retaining walls, instead of the pillars of the porous public, such as brick or block.
3. 'System of dewatering, it is often possible to stop the basement from flooding, to achieve 1 or 2 environments lining perforated and the quagmire of pumping system and directing the floor and one - on the wall or floor to any film, so the system is not a' system of exchange cavity itself, but to go to irrigation systems.
4. Combining the system. Sometimes the best approach is to use the system together, and not just one. And can be used to fill the dry resin, followed by high water flow or drainage system cavity tank. Dewatering system for the leakage of additional water on the walls or floor, and sometimes relevant. Exchange of the walls surrounding it, and the separation on the ground floor, so that can be applied to all the various systems, whether different types of film or different systems in general, such as walls, membrane, water cement floor. The latter is useful if you need the final bonded tiles and flooring completed.
If you are thinking in the structure of the system, you must really be true, experts say, to determine what is working and what will not - do not rely on friends or builders of local public, if they are not experts in the basement of the water!
Finally, if you want to know 'cheap' way to the basement of the water, then I will tell you ...
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